AP Gov Unit 2 Progress Check: MCQ Part B Flashcards | Knowt (2024)

Which of the following explains the role of interest groups in the iron triangle diagram?

Interest groups work with Congress and the bureaucracy to determine how best to regulate an industry

One key interaction that Congress has with the bureaucracy as part of the iron triangle is to?

increase the budget and authority of the bureaucracy to regulate industry

Which of the following best explains the concept of the iron triangle, as illustrated in the diagram?

To show how interest groups, Congress, and the bureaucracy interact in a public policy area

Which of the following is an accurate conclusion based on the data illustrated in the bar chart?

Despite the increased power of the president, the budget authority is still a major feature of congressional power.

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the data in the bar chart?

The president is not supportive of the EPA, but members of Congress have checked the president's power by not approving a cut in funding for the agency.

Which of the following statements about the relationship between Congress and the executive branch is best illustrated by the bar chart?

The budget process enables Congress to check the power of the executive branch

Which of the following is the most effective action that a president can pursue to address the issue of improper payments, as shown in the table?

The president can require the relevant cabinet secretaries to devise a plan to address the issue of improper payments.

Which of the following is an action that Congress would most likely take to address the issues illustrated by the data in the table?

Congress can hold the bureaucracy accountable by calling on leaders from departments and agencies responsible for the improper payments to testify before committees.

Which of the following best explains why Congress has used its power to help certain types of businesses obtain federal contracts, as shown in the table?

Congress is ensuring that the bureaucracy is accountable to groups other than large corporations.

Which of the following clauses of the Constitution could the Supreme Court have used when deciding the case Marbury v. Madison (1803) ?

"The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made."

Which of the following cases was most likely to derive the basis of its decision from the argument presented in The Federalist No. 78 that states: "that, accordingly, whenever a particular statute [contradicts] the Constitution, it will be the duty of the judicial tribunals to adhere to the latter and disregard the former"?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

When deciding Marbury v. Madison (1803), which of the following excerpts from The Federalist No. 51 could best be used to help Chief Justice John Marshall write the argument in favor of judicial review?

"But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others."

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies the principle of stare decisis?

A majority opinion of the United States Supreme Court dealing with school segregation states that the decision follows the precedent established in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954).

Justice Breyer is referring to which of the following legal principles?

Stare decisis

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the Supreme Court's deciding to overturn the precedent it established just 7 years earlier?

There were ideological changes in the composition of the members of the Supreme Court due to presidential appointments.

In the case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional. Following the ruling, schools were ordered to desegregate, but at a high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, the governor ordered the state's National Guard to prevent African American students from entering the school. Only when President Eisenhower placed the National Guard under federal control and ordered troops to protect the students were they permitted to enter. This scenario illustrates which of the following?

Controversial decisions by the court are often challenged and action is sometimes required to ensure enforcement by other branches of government.

In 1973, the United States Supreme Court handed down the controversial Roe v. Wade decision striking down state laws banning abortion. In response, many pro-life groups have organized to have the decision overturned. Which of the following represents an action that these groups are most likely to take to achieve their goal?

Become more actively involved in presidential campaigns so that presidential candidates will pledge to appoint justices who favor overturning Roe v. Wade.

Which of the following is a likely response by another branch of government to a controversial decision such as Engel v. Vitale (1962) which declared that school-sponsored prayer was a violation of the First Amendment?

Congress could strip the Supreme Court of appellate jurisdiction on cases dealing with prayer in school.

On June 27, 1989, President George H.W. Bush called for the Flag Desecration Amendment, which would prohibit desecration of the American flag. Bush's comments were in response to the United States Supreme Court's 5—4 decision in Texas v. Johnson, which held that a state law banning desecration of the flag was in violation of the First Amendment. Which of the following explains why the president asked for a constitutional amendment to be passed?

A constitutional amendment would force the Supreme Court to accept the constitutionality of the anti-flag burning laws in subsequent cases.

On September 23, 1957, President Dwight Eisenhower signed a proclamation mandating the use of Arkansas National Guard members and federal armed forces to enforce the United States Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) in Little Rock, Arkansas. Which limitation on judicial power is demonstrated in this scenario?

State and local government can refuse to enforce Supreme Court decisions.

During a television interview on July 1, 2018, Senator Lindsey Graham stated that "one of the concepts that really means a lot in America is stare decisis. That means you don't overturn precedent unless there's a good reason." About which ongoing debate was Senator Graham sharing his position?

Judicial activism versus judicial restraint

On January 30, 2017, President Donald Trump signed an executive order requiring that for each new regulation added, at least two existing regulations be eliminated. Which combination of government actors has the power to fulfill President Trump's executive order?

Bureaucratic departments and agencies

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 was a law passed by Congress prohibiting discrimination based on sex. Which of the following describes how the policy is being implemented?

The bureaucracy will create rules for enforcement and will have the discretion to implement those rules.

On July 31, 2018, the United States Department of Education announced in the Federal Register its intention to establish a committee focusing on the implementation of federal programs. Which is the likely product of this committee's work?

Rule-making